According to expert estimates, the global cost of corrosion is about $2.5 trillion per year, according to the International Measures to Prevent, Use and Economics of Corrosion Technologies (IMPCT) published by NACE in 2016, equivalent to about 3.4 per cent of the world's gross domestic product (GDP), most of which is related to steel corrosion. The first of a two-year series of international conferences on corrosion protection and steel surface treatment techniques will be launched in Istanbul from 22 to 24 May 2019.